Characteristics of an ideal dairy cow or the point should be considered before selecting a dairy cow To Start a dairy farm farmers should know the characteristics of an ideal dairy breed. If the farmer cannot choose ideal dairy breed he will not get proper production and fall in loss. So, at first farmer has to know the ideal characteristics. In this article, all characteristics are described in details. 1.Appearance : Healthy, symmetrical, stylish 2.Temperament : active vigorous disposition and docile 3.Rump: long and wide throughout with pin bones and slightly lower than hip bones. Thurls should be wide apart and centrally located between pin and hip bone. Tailhead is set slightly above the pin bone and neatly between pin bone and tail should be free from any coarseness. The vulva is nearly vertical to rump 4.Stature: A long bone pattern is preferable. Wither and hip height should be relatively proportionate. 5.Front end : front leg is straight, wide apart and squarely placed. Shoulders are light oblique and well attached free from fleshiness . Shoulder blades and elbows should be finely attached against the chest wall. The crops have adequate fullness. 6.Back : strong and straight. 7.Loin: broad, strong and nearly level 8.Head: feminine, clean-cut, slightly dished with broad muzzle, large open nostril, strong jaw, fascial vein prominent, large and bright eye, fine and equal smooth horn 9.Neck: long, lean, blending smoothly with shoulder. A clean-cut throat, dewlap and brisket. 10.Skin: thin, loose and pliable, fine,soft and smooth hair. 11.Wither: sharp with prominent chine,, clean refine, free from fleshiness. 12.Rib : wide apart, bone are flat, deep,wide and slanted towards the rear 13.Thigh: lean, incurving to flat, wide apart from the rear 14.Barrel :Long, deep and wide. Depth and spring of rib increase towards the rear with a deep flank 15.Chest: deep,wide floor with well sprung fore ribs blending into the shoulders 16.Feet : steep angle and deep heel with short, well rounded closed toes. 17.Rear leg: •Rear view:From the rear view it is straight, wide apart with feet squarely placed at. •Side view : moderate angle in the hock 18.Hock: cleanly molded, free from coarseness and puffiness with adequate flexibility 19.Pastern: strong and short with some flexibility. 20.Udder: Large, prominent •Udder depth : moderate depth relatives to the hock with adequate capacity and clearance. •Teat Placement : squarely under each quarter, plumb and properly spaced from side view and rear view •Rear udder: wide and high, firmly attached with uniform width from top to bottom and slightly rounded to the udder floor. •Udder cleft : strong suspensory ligament makes two equal halves •Fore udder : firmly attached with moderate length and ample capacity. •Teat: cylindrical in shape, uniform size with medium length and diameter. •Udder balance and texture : level udder exhibition and each quarter is balanced, soft, pliable and well collapsed after milking, free from fat and fibrous tissue. •Milk vein: long, prominent and tortuous •Milk wells: large, numerous
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